Test Bank For The Philosophical Journey An Interactive Approach 7TH Edition By William Lawhead
The Philosophical Journey: An Interactive Approach, 7e
CHAPTER 1: Introduction to the Philosophical Journey
CHAPTER 2: The Search for Ultimate Reality
CHAPTER 3: The Search for Knowledge
CHAPTER 4: The Search for God
CHAPTER 5: The Search for Ethical Values
CHAPTER 6: The Search for the Just Society
CHAPTER 7: Philosophy and the Meaning of Life
The Philosophical Journey: An Interactive Approach, 7e (Lawhead)
Chapter 2 The Search for Ultimate Reality
1) Philosophical questions about the nature of reality fall under the heading of metaphysics.
Answer: TRUE
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2) According to your text, a metaphysical idealist is a person who is very optimistic.
Answer: FALSE
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3) Metaphysical materialism is a form of dualism.
Answer: FALSE
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4) Your text said that fundamental reality is that upon which everything else depends.
Answer: TRUE
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5) Hugh Elliot’s story of “Tantalus” was meant to illustrate the fact that thoughts are the product of a nonphysical mind.
Answer: FALSE
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6) Descartes’s position on the mind-body issue is a form of metaphysical dualism.
Answer: TRUE
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7) René Descartes was more certain about the existence of his mind than the existence of his body.
Answer: TRUE
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8) Descartes believed that the mind and body interact in the pineal gland.
Answer: TRUE
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9) David Chalmers argued that physicalism is false.
Answer: TRUE
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10) According to your text, the principle of Ockham’s razor lends support to the dualist.
Answer: FALSE
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11) In Jeffrey Olen’s story about the watch, the people who thought a gremlin caused the watch to move represent mind-body interactionists.
Answer: TRUE
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12) Identity theory claims that the mind is identical to a nonphysical substance that is separate from the brain.
Answer: FALSE
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13) The functionalist denies that mental states are necessarily identical to brain states.
Answer: TRUE
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14) The functionalist denies that mental states can function as the causes of behavior.
Answer: FALSE
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15) The position of functionalism is incompatible with the strong artificial intelligence position.
Answer: FALSE
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16) René Descartes believed that someday machines would become intelligent.
Answer: FALSE
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17) Descartes argued that understanding language can be used as a criterion for identifying genuine intelligence.
Answer: TRUE
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18) The strong AI thesis claims that it is possible for a computer to have cognitive states.
Answer: TRUE
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19) John Searle’s Chinese room argument attempted to refute physicalism.
Answer: FALSE
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20) Searle maintained that there is a difference between simulating cognition and duplicating it.
Answer: TRUE
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21) The libertarian rejects the thesis of universal causation.
Answer: TRUE
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22) The hard determinist and the libertarian both agree that if our choices are inevitable, then there is no moral responsibility.
Answer: TRUE
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23) The hard determinists are claiming that only their behavior is determined, but they are making no claims about your behavior.
Answer: FALSE
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24) The compatibilist claims that we are not 100% determined in our behavior.
Answer: FALSE
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25) The compatibilist claims that your desires, values, and motives play no role in explaining your behavior.
Answer: FALSE
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26) The compatibilist differs with the hard determinist over whether or not any of our actions can meaningfully be said to be free.
Answer: TRUE
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27) The libertarian would agree with the compatibilist on the definition of “free actions.”
Answer: FALSE
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28) Some determinists believe that it is God who determines all events.
Answer: TRUE
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29) All determinists believe that everything that happens in the world is the result of a benevolent, purposeful plan.
Answer: FALSE
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30) The determinist believes that your actions would be perfectly predictable if one knew all the causes acting upon you.
Answer: TRUE
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31) According to agency theory, event-causation describes events that are determined.
Answer: TRUE
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32) Richard Taylor’s agency theory is a form of libertarianism.
Answer: TRUE
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33) To be a libertarian, one must deny that human actions are ever the result of previous causes.
Answer: FALSE
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34) Jean-Paul Sartre’s claim that “existence precedes essence” means that who we are is what nature made us to be.
Answer: FALSE
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35) According to Sartre, “transcendence” refers to the fact that our lives are defined by the possibilities we face and the choices we make.
Answer: TRUE
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36) The compatibilist claims that a voluntary action is one which lacks determining causes.
Answer: FALSE
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37) According to the compatibilist, we cannot be morally responsible for actions which are determined.
Answer: FALSE
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38) Which of the following metaphysical issues was/were addressed by the ancient Greek philosophers?
A) the problem of permanence and change
B) the problem of appearance and reality
C) the nature of the self
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
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39) The two kinds of monism are
A) atheism and theism.
B) materialism and idealism.
C) empiricism and rationalism.
D) freedom and determinism.
Answer: B
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