Test Bank For Nursing Now, Today’s Issues, Tomorrows Trends 7th Edition by Joseph T. Catalano
Chapter 2: Historical Perspectives
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The early Christian era brought which of these important changes in health care?
A)
The development of aqueducts and sewage systems
B)
A belief in the sanctity of life
C)
A deep understanding of the anatomy of the human body
D)
The shift of care from the home to large hospitals
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives |
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Application | Integrated Process: Planning | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
2. Which development during the European Middle Ages led to a major improvement in health care?
A)
A rapid growth in medical knowledge
B)
Establishment of large central hospitals
C)
Growth of religious orders to care for the sick
D)
A shift to care of ill persons by women
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
3. Who is called the “father of modern medicine”?
A)
William Harvey
B)
Hippocrates
C)
Cyrus the Great
D)
Emperor Darius
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Comprehension | Integrated Process: Planning| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
4. What are the dates of Florence Nightingale’s birth and death?
A)
March 3, 1578; June 10, 1657
B)
January 9, 1715; September 30, 1785
C)
May 12, 1820; August 13, 1910
D)
April 15, 1932; December 10, 1957
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Comprehension| Integrated Process: Planning| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
5. Identify a key element in the success of Nightingale’s school of nursing.
A)
It was not under control of the hospital.
B)
Large amounts of private funds were paid to well-qualified teachers.
C)
The Watson Model for nursing was used.
D)
The primary goal was service to the hospital rather than education.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Analysis| Integrated Process: Intervention| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
6. What was a major goal of Lavinia Dock?
A)
Establish a new nursing organization.
B)
Publish a nursing journal.
C)
Obtain the right to vote for women.
D)
Improve the education for nurses.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Application| Integrated Process: Intervention| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
7. Which belief about what nurses needed to do shaped Lillian D. Wald’s nursing practice?
A)
Spend more time in clinical preparation and less time in the classroom.
B)
Fight political corruption to procure the types of legislation needed to improve social conditions.
C)
Conduct more research into the conditions of hospital patients.
D)
Stand up to medical doctors who were arrogant and obnoxious.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Analysis| Integrated Process: Planning| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
8. Which problem had the most severe effect on nursing education during the 1920s and 1930s?
A)
Too many college-based schools of nursing
B)
A lack of qualified nursing instructors
C)
Too many nursing students from the lower and middle classes
D)
Not enough demand for educated nurses
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Application| Integrated Process: Implementation| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
9. Identify a negative effect that World War II had on health care in the United States.
A)
A rapid increase in medical knowledge
B)
Expanded health-care services
C)
Increased use of LPNs and aides to substitute for a lower number of RNs
D)
Increases in pay for nurses
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Analysis| Integrated Process: Problem Identification| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
10. Select the statement that most accurately states the effects of increasing populations on health care.
A)
Economically depressed populations have fewer health-care needs.
B)
Larger populations often lead to large numbers of well-educated and well-nourished people.
C)
Large groups of economically depressed people tend to live in rural areas.
D)
Crowded living conditions in cities lead to the spread of communicable diseases.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Comprehension| Integrated Process: Planning| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
11. Which characteristic of health care in ancient civilizations distinguishes it from the health care of today?
A)
Health care was closely related to religious practices.
B)
Most health care was provided by women.
C)
Health care focused on curing the sick and injured.
D)
Physicians received extensive education in formal schools.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge| Integrated Process: Problem Identification| Client Need: Intervention
12. What are two similarities between the health care provided by the ancient Hebrews and that practiced by the ancient Egyptians?
A)
The belief that disease was caused by evil spirits and the use of health spas
B)
Trained women as the primary care providers and the use of many medications
C)
Majority of health care provided in hospitals and the use of medical specialization
D)
Emphasis on sanitation and well-developed knowledge of surgical techniques
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Evaluation| Integrated Process: Evaluation| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
13. Select the element of the medical practice of Hippocrates that remains appropriate for the health-care providers of the 21st century.
A)
Belief that disease is a result of failure to comply with the natural law
B)
The whole client needs to be treated: the mind, body, and spirit
C)
Only physicians have enough education to provide safe health care
D)
Hospitals should be avoided unless there are no other treatment options
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Analysis| Integrated Process: Evaluation| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
14. Identify the characteristic of ancient Roman society that distinguished the health-care practices of the empire from those of its surrounding neighbors.
A)
Use of slaves to provide basic health care
B)
Belief that the Roman Emperor was a descendent of a god
C)
Lack of concern about the sanctity of life
D)
Relatively high social status allotted to Roman women
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Analysis| Integrated Process: Implementation| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
15. To what event and to which period of history is the disappearance of male nurses usually attributed?
A)
The Crusades during the Dark Ages
B)
The use of medical inventions during the Renaissance
C)
The Protestant Reformation during the Middle Ages
D)
The rapid population growth during the Industrial Revolution
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Application| Integrated Process: Problem Identification| Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
16. For which contribution to professional nursing is Isabel Adams Hampton Robb most noted?
A)
Raising the standards for nursing education
B)
Developing storefront clinics in New York City
C)
Advocating the use of MASH units during the Korean War
D)
Changing the laws that affect health care of the poor
ANS:APTS:1DIF:Medium
KEY:Cognitive Domain: Comprehension| Integrated Process: Intervention| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
17. Who is credited with the development of the nurse practitioner role?
A)
Anne Goodrich
B)
Loretta Ford
C)
Isabel Robb
D)
Barak Obama
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Application| Integrated Process: Planning| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
18. What situation led to the development of the nurse practitioner role?
A)
Not enough regular nurse jobs for the excessive number of BS graduates.
B)
Nurses with advanced degrees recognizing they could function in a primary physician role.
C)
A shortage of health care providers in rural areas of the county.
D)
Hospitals seeking a less expensive source of primary care providers.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Application| Integrated Process: Problem Identification | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
COMPLETION
1. List the following civilizations in their correct time sequence. (Enter the letter of each in the proper sequence; do not use commas or spaces.)
A) Greek Empire
B) Ancient Hebrews
C) Roman Empire
D) Egyptian Empire
E) Taoism
ANS: DCEBA
PTS: 1 DIF: Hard TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Analysis| Integrated Process: Intervention| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
2. Complete the following statement by filling in the blank with the correct word.
The Dark Ages brought the advent of __________ __________ __________ that were composed exclusively of men who wore suits of armor to protect themselves and their hospitals.
ANS: military; nursing; orders
PTS: 1 DIF: Medium TOP: Historical Perspectives
KEY: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension| Integrated Process: Problem Identification| Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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