Test Bank For Anatomy And Physiology Integrative Approach 2nd Edition by McKinley
Chapter 03 Energy, Chemical Reactions, and Cellular Respiration
True / False Questions
1. Stored energy is described as potential energy.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 03.01.01 Describe the two states of energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Fill in the Blank Questions
2. The energy of motion is known as _________ energy.
kinetic
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 03.01.01 Describe the two states of energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
3.
The sodium level inside and outside of a resting cell is an example of the
A. kinetic energy of sodium rushing out of a cell down its concentration gradient.
B. kinetic energy of the large difference in sodium concentration on the inside versus the outside of the cell.
C.
potential energy of a concentration gradient, because sodium is more abundant outside the cell.
D.
potential energy of an electron transport chain, because sodium has an extra electron to donate.
E.
conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy, because sodium can never move across the cell membrane and must move across its surface.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: C08.01c With respect to the following membrane transport processes – simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, exocytosis, endocytosis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, & filtration: Discuss the energy requirements and, if applicable, the sources of energy for each process.
HAPS Topic: Module C08 Mechanisms for movement of materials across cell membranes.
Learning Objective: 03.01.01 Describe the two states of energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
True / False Questions
4. The energy stored in a molecule’s chemical bonds is a form of kinetic energy.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Objective: 03.01.02 Describe chemical energy (one form of potential energy) and the various forms of kinetic energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
5.
As a runner sprints down a track, her movement is an example of
A. potential energy.
B. mechanical energy.
C. heat.
D. radiant energy.
E. chemical energy.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Objective: 03.01.02 Describe chemical energy (one form of potential energy) and the various forms of kinetic energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Fill in the Blank Questions
6. __________ is a monomer that is stored as the polymer glycogen within the liver and muscle.
Glucose
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: C04.04a With respect to carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids: Identify the monomers and polymers.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Objective: 03.01.03 List the three important molecules that function primarily in chemical energy
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Essay Questions
7. Compare and contrast chemical energy and radiant energy. Into which broad category of energy (kinetic or potential) does each fit? What are two examples of each type of energy that relate to human physiology?
Chemical energy is potential energy and radiant energy is kinetic energy. Two examples of chemical energy are triglycerides and complex carbohydrates such as glycogen. Two examples of radiant energy are UV light (a DNA mutagen) and visible light (sensed by the visual system).
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Objective: 03.01.02 Describe chemical energy (one form of potential energy) and the various forms of kinetic energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
8.
Three molecules that are important energy storage locations in the body are
A. DNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
B. glucose, glucagon, and glycogen.
C. ATP, glycogen, and triglyceride.
D. ADP, DNA, and mRNA.
E. glucagon, insulin, and protein.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: C04.04e With respect to carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids: Discuss physiological and structural roles in the human body.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Objective: 03.01.03 List the three important molecules that function primarily in chemical energy
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
True / False Questions
9. The propagation of an impulse along the axon of a neuron is considered electrical energy, a form of kinetic energy.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Objective: 03.01.02 Describe chemical energy (one form of potential energy) and the various forms of kinetic energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Fill in the Blank Questions
10. The form of kinetic energy that refers to the movement of electromagnetic waves is _________ energy.
radiant
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Objective: 03.01.02 Describe chemical energy (one form of potential energy) and the various forms of kinetic energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
11. Which is a form of energy that is generally unavailable to do any work?
A. Heat
B. Kinetic energy
C. Radiant energy
D. Sound energy
E. Mechanical energy
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Objective: 03.01.02 Describe chemical energy (one form of potential energy) and the various forms of kinetic energy.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
True / False Questions
12. The first law of thermodynamics states that once energy is consumed, it can no longer be converted to any other form of energy.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Objective: 03.01.04 State the first law and second law of thermodynamics.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
13.
According to the second law of thermodynamics, when energy is transformed from one kind to another
A. some of it is converted to heat.
B. some energy is destroyed.
C. new energy is created.
D. homeostasis is maintained.
E. chemical bonds must be broken.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 03.01.04 State the first law and second law of thermodynamics.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
14.
When we shiver on a cold day, the heat produced by muscle tissue is a demonstration of
A. radiant potential energy.
B. the first law of thermodynamics.
C. the second law of thermodynamics.
D. the creation of energy.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Objective: 03.01.05 Explain why energy conversion is always less than 100
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
True / False Questions
15. When a car burns gasoline, the majority of the gasoline’s chemical energy is transformed to sound and heat.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Objective: 03.01.05 Explain why energy conversion is always less than 100
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
16.
When our inner ears convert sound energy into neural impulses or our retinas convert light into neural impulses,
A. no heat is generated, and so it is an exception to the first law of thermodynamics.
B.
it is an exception to both laws of thermodynamics, because no usable energy is lost.
C. it is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics, but an exception to the first.
D. the conversion is consistent with both laws of thermodynamics.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Objective: 03.01.04 State the first law and second law of thermodynamics.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cellular respiration
True / False Questions
17. Typically, synthesis reactions are endergonic.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: O02.01 Define metabolism, anabolism and catabolism.
HAPS Topic: Module O02 Introduction to metabolism.
Learning Objective: 03.02.03 Describe the three classifications of chemical reactions.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Cellular respiration
Fill in the Blank Questions
18. Chemical reactions that release energy are called __________ reactions.
exergonic
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: O02.01 Define metabolism, anabolism and catabolism.
HAPS Topic: Module O02 Introduction to metabolism.
Learning Objective: 03.02.03 Describe the three classifications of chemical reactions.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Cellular respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
19.
The reaction in which water and carbon dioxide combine to form carbonic acid is
A. irreversible, as carbonic acid rapidly causes a drop in pH.
B. reversible, and can proceed in either direction depending on the concentrations of the molecules.
C. exergonic, and is an important energy source within the body.
D. an exchange reaction in which protons are transferred between atoms.
E. a catabolic reaction in which the formation of a larger molecule can lead to an increase in cell size.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: C03.04 Define the terms pH, acid, base, and buffer and give examples of physiological significance.
HAPS Topic: Module C03 Inorganic compounds and solutions.
Learning Objective: 03.02.03 Describe the three classifications of chemical reactions.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Cellular respiration
20.
The building of complex molecules from simpler ones is described as
A. anabolism.
B. catabolism.
C. exergonic.
D. irreversible.
E. reversible.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: O02.01 Define metabolism, anabolism and catabolism.
HAPS Topic: Module O02 Introduction to metabolism.
Learning Objective: 03.02.04 Distinguish between catabolism and anabolism.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Cellular respiration
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