Test Bank For American Corrections 11th Edition by Todd R. Clear
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True / False |
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1. The Pennsylvania System focused on the isolation of inmates and serving penance. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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2. English trends and practices greatly influenced American corrections. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Colonial Period LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.01 – Describe “The Great Law” of Pennsylvania and note its importance. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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3. The Auburn System focused on a congregate system of operations. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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4. Social and political values greatly influence correctional thought and practices. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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5. The positivist school looked to free will and rational thought as the reason for crime. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The Rise of the Progressives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.04 – Understand the reforms advocated by the Progressives. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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6. The original penitentiary relied on penance and contemplation as the means for the criminal offender to move from sin toward perfection. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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7. Within 40 years of their initiation, penitentiaries had become overcrowded, understaffed, and minimally financed. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Rise of the Progressives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.03 – Discuss the elements of the Cincinnati Declaration. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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8. Correctional practices, especially the use of the penitentiary, developed similarly across the United States. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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9. Corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior can be treated is known as the crime control model. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The Crime Control Model: The Pendulum Swings Again LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.07 – Describe the forces and events that led to the present crime control model. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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10. The ideas of inmate classification, parole, and rehabilitative programs were first created and put into practice at the Elmira Reformatory for boys. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Rise of the Progressives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.04 – Understand the reforms advocated by the Progressives. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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11. Convict labor for profit became an essential part of the Pennsylvania penitentiary system throughout the early 1800s. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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12. The infamous Attica Prison Riot that took place in September 1971 at New York State’s Attica Correctional Facility aided and inspired the move toward a community corrections model. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: From Medical Model to Community Model LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.06 – Illustrate how the community model reflected the social and political values of the 1960s and 1970s. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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13. Not until the 1960s were there serious attempts made to implement the ideas of the medical model of corrections in the United States. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The Rise of the Medical Model LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.05 – Discuss the assumptions of the medical model regarding the nature of criminal behavior and its correction. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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14. Incarceration, in the tradition of the early English workhouse, developed in the immediate aftermath of the American Revolutionary War. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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15. Until the early 1900s, Americans followed the European practice of relying on brutal forms of corporal punishment. a. True b. False ANSWER: False REFERENCES: The Colonial Period LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.01 – Describe “The Great Law” of Pennsylvania and note its importance. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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16. The Progressives thought it necessary to know the life history of each offender in order to devise an appropriate treatment plan for that specific individual. a. True b. False ANSWER: True REFERENCES: The Rise of the Progressives LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.03 – Discuss the elements of the Cincinnati Declaration. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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Multiple Choice |
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17. The country that gave the world its first penitentiary is: a. England. b. France. c. Egypt. d. the United States. ANSWER: d REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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18. In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles? a. legalistic b. religious c. socialist d. capitalist ANSWER: b REFERENCES: The Colonial Period LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.01 – Describe “The Great Law” of Pennsylvania and note its importance. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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19. The concept of separate confinement was introduced in several different locations; which one became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement? a. Potomac, Maryland b. Auburn, New York c. Trenton, New Jersey d. Cherry Hill, Pennsylvania ANSWER: d REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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20. Many ideas that arose from the Enlightenment fostered the thinking that crime is caused by: a. human nature. b. forces in the environment. c. biology. d. sin. ANSWER: b REFERENCES: The Reformatory Movement LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.03 – Discuss the elements of the Cincinnati Declaration. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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21. The was a penitentiary system developed in Pennsylvania in which each inmate was held in isolation from other inmates. a. congregate system b. assemble system c. separate confinement system d. segregated confinement system ANSWER: c REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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22. The “congregate” system of prison discipline was first instituted at the: a. Walnut Street Jail. b. Sing Sing Penitentiary. c. Eastern Penitentiary. d. Auburn Penitentiary. ANSWER: d REFERENCES: The Arrival of the Penitentiary LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACOR.CLEA.16.03.02 – Distinguish the basic assumptions of the penitentiary systems of Pennsylvania and New York. KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember |
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