Test Bank For 21st Century Astronomy The Solar System Fifth Edition By Kay -Palen

Test Bank For 21st Century Astronomy The Solar System Fifth Edition By Kay -Palen

Chapter 2: Patterns in the Sky—Motions of Earth and the Moon

Learning Objectives

Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.

Multiple Choice: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 26, 44, 50, 64, 69

Short Answer: 16, 22

2.1 Earth Spins on Its Axis

Identify the locations of the north celestial pole, south celestial pole, celestial equator, zenith, meridian, and horizon on the celestial sphere.

Multiple Choice: 2, 8, 14

Short Answer: 3, 4

Show the path that a star follows on the sky, from the time it rises until it sets.

Multiple Choice: 9, 15, 16

Short Answer: 1

Illustrate how the motion and visibility of stars change with the one’s location on Earth.

Multiple Choice: 33, 34

Short Answer: 2, 5, 7

Demonstrate how knowledge of the sky permits one to know latitude and direction on Earth.

Multiple Choice: 7, 11, 12, 13

Short Answer: 6

Illustrate how one event will look in two different frames of reference.

Short Answer: 8

2.2 Revolution around the Sun Leads to Changes during the Year

Identify the path of the ecliptic, the solstices, and the equinoxes on the celestial sphere.

Multiple Choice: 17, 19

Short Answer: 10, 11, 12, 15

Relate Earth’s position around the Sun to the zodiacal constellations we observe in the night-time sky.

Multiple Choice: 18, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41

Explain why Earth’s axial tilt causes seasons.

Multiple Choice: 20, 21, 24, 25, 29, 30, 31, 35, 42

Short Answer: 9, 13

Illustrate how the height of the Sun and the length of a day vary with the season and your latitude.

Multiple Choice: 22, 23, 27, 28, 32

Short Answer: 14

2.3 The Moon’s Appearance Changes as It Orbits Earth

Define the phases of the moon.

Multiple Choice: 45

Short Answer: 18

Explain what causes us to observe moon phases.

Multiple Choice: 47, 48, 49, 52

Short Answer: 17, 20

Illustrate the Sun-Moon-Earth geometry needed to produce each Moon phase.

Multiple Choice: 43, 46, 51, 53, 54

Short Answer: 19, 21

2.4 Calendars Are Based on the Day, Month, and Year

Compare and contrast solar and lunar calendars.

Multiple Choice: 58

Short Answer: 23, 24

Illustrate the need for our current pattern of leap years.

Multiple Choice: 55, 56, 57

2.5 Eclipses Result from the Alignment of Earth, Moon, and the Sun

Illustrate the Sun-Moon-Earth geometries needed to produce solar and lunar eclipses.

Multiple Choice: 59, 60, 61, 62, 68, 70

Short Answer: 25, 26, 28

Relate the geometry of solar and lunar eclipses to their visibility across Earth.

Multiple Choice: 63, 65, 66, 67

Short Answer: 27, 29

Working It Out 2.1

Use proportional reasoning to estimate a characteristic of the whole based on measurement of a part.

Short Answer: 30

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. There are _________ constellations in the entire sky.
   1. 12
   2. 13
   3. 88
   4. hundreds of
   5. thousands of

ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.

1. What defines the location of the equator on Earth?
   1. the axis around which Earth rotates
   2. where the ground is the warmest
   3. the tilt of Earth’s rotational axis relative to its orbit around the Sun
   4. the orbit of Earth around the Sun
   5. all of the above

ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Identify the locations of the north celestial pole, south celestial pole, celestial equator, zenith, meridian, and horizon on the celestial sphere.

1. Circumpolar stars are stars that are
   1. always below the horizon.
   2. always on the celestial equator.
   3. always at the north celestial pole.
   4. sometimes above the horizon.
   5. always above the horizon.

ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.

1. The point directly below your feet is called the
   1. meridian.
   2. celestial pole.
   3. nadir.
   4. circumpolar plane.
   5. zenith.

ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.

1. Declination is a measure of a star’s location relative to
   1. zenith.
   2. ecliptic.
   3. nadir.
   4. celestial equator.
   5. line of nodes.

ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.

1. Right ascension is a measure of a star’s location on the celestial sphere that is most closely similar to which measurement of location on Earth?
   1. meters
   2. longitude
   3. latitude
   4. degrees
   5. radians

ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.

1. If the star Polaris has an altitude of 35°, then we know that
   1. our longitude is 55°.
   2. our latitude is 55°.
   3. our longitude is −35°.
   4. our longitude is 35°.
   5. our latitude is 35°.

ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Applying

OBJ: Demonstrate how knowledge of the sky permits one to know latitude and direction on Earth.

1. The direction directly overhead of an observer defines his or her
   1. meridian.
   2. celestial pole.
   3. nadir.
   4. circumpolar plane.
   5. zenith.

ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Identify the locations of the north celestial pole, south celestial pole, celestial equator, zenith, meridian, and horizon on the celestial sphere.

1. No matter where you are on Earth, stars appear to rotate about a point called the
   1. zenith.
   2. celestial pole.
   3. nadir.
   4. meridian.
   5. equinox.

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Show the path that a star follows on the sky, from the time it rises until it sets.

1. The apparent path of the Sun across the celestial sphere over the course of a year is called the
   1. prime meridian.
   2. ecliptic.
   3. circumpolar plane.
   4. celestial equator.
   5. eclipse.

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Section 2.1

MSC: Remembering

OBJ: Define the bold-faced vocabulary terms within the chapter.